#caedchat Archive
#caedchat is for California educators, by California educators. All are welcome as moderators and participants discuss issues that emerge in California education, which are generally applicable to other regions of the United States.
Sunday February 28, 2016
Welcome to all! We are the founders of Join us for this time of learning and collaboration!
There were many helping to plan but tonight’s moderators are and
Good evening ! Joining in from Oakland. Currently a Literacy researcher + Teacher educator. Former HS Eng tchr.
To join the chat you may want to use Tweetdeck, tweetchat or other client that allows columns. Use the hashtag to join us!
excited to join tonight for the first time!
Evening, Kathy from Pleasanton. 8th grade english and journalism teacher.
Before we get started...Let's take a minute to introduce yourselves. Share who you are and where you’re from! Thanks
Hi ! Speech/language path. in central CA middle schools.
Hello. Chris from SoCal. AVID and APUSH teacher in the SGV.
Leila here joining from a land far from my Escondido home where I proudly serve as Deputy Sup of Escondido Union School District
Hi all! JR from soCal. Tech Coach. Science nerd. Lives on coffee.
On my way home from the airport, hoping to pop into for a bit. I'm Mari from San Diego!
Hi Teresa from Irvine - HS English teacher and former lawyer and legal editor. I've used lots of academic language in my day.
Hello founder of launching 5/16- resources for Ts
Thanks for coming tonight!
Jen from Upland. 9/10 ELA teacher...1st year teacher
Hi Jen...I've been hearing your name a lot lately.
Thanks for coming tonight!
For those who're new...we do a “structured chat” with Question 1, Q1, with Answer 1, A1, to support all to participate!
Hi everyone, I am an EdTech TOSA from San Marcos. I'm tweeting and watching the Oscars.
Hi! I'm Christy, principal of math, science, tech elem magnet school is Costa Mesa.
A1 For ELA, Acad lang is esp lang of argument given . Evidence integration, Synthesis, positioning author's pts 2 another's.
Everyone ready for Q1? Watch for our moderators and
Tonight’s topic is Academic Language in Student Writing. Excited to have helping us tonight!
Lisa Rescue Union SD (Northern Ca) teacher & TOSA
Kimberlie from So Cal and a 6th grade teacher self contained
Hola. Ricardo from Coachella Valley. High school history.
Hi Dan Bennett, Instructional Tech TOSA, Los Alamitos High School
Hi Jen! Thanks for joining us!
Excited to be helping out with Join us. https://t.co/iK6ZGhqMMB
Tonight’s topic is Academic Language in Student Writing. Excited to have helping us tonight!
Q1: What “counts” as academic language in your discipline?
Hi Too many commercials for me in the Oscars - I'm recording to watch later ;)
John for Capistrano Unified Joining in
Hi . I'm a science faculty member . Glad to meet y'all.
Scott Blough Board Member Simi Valley. Thanks for this great place to interact.
Jenn, East Bay Area teacher...trying to catch a little tonight
A1 For ELA, Acad lang is esp lang of argument given . Evidence integration, Synthesis, positioning 1 author's pts 2 anothr's.
I'm in Somis..somewhat near to you!
Hi JR! Thanks for teaming up with on this academic focus
Yes, have you read 's book Teaching Argument? So helpful
A1: I focus on acad. lang. functions ala Kinsella. And historical thinking skills drive frames for questioning & writing
A1: In Sci, I want them using the language of science in their conversations, labs.
A1 academic language in ELA varies, from literary terms to narrative to rhetoric. Depends on Genre, Audience, Purpose
Hi, I teach k in San Diego. Academic language is listening and speaking as used in different settings
A1 Academic language involved integrating new science vocabulary with complex content. Beyond definitions to understanding
What grade level is it for? I teach 6th and it's so difficult for me
Hey John! Great to see you this week at
A1) Often underrated, History/Social Sciences may have some of the most cross-disciplinary academic language of all.
Q1 I would say language needed to interact w an expert in the field of content
It was a pleasure to meet you
A1: https://t.co/SSKtLoqlCQ
A1: I get excited when Ss use punctuation, capitalization and things dont sound like a text message
agreed-love the natural integration!
A1: Anytime students are speaking to each other in regard to an academic task and using content vocab.
I'd call it 5-12. I think you'd find it helpful
Liz HS History T jumping in late- LOVE this topic.
A1: In K-5 we look for vocab related to the subject with appropriate grammar, punctuation, etc.
I can imagine that - analysis of so many contributing factors to an issue or time period
Hello! Steve Bayouk, TOSA, PBL STEM Lead, Santa Ana, CA
A1: The language needed for Ss to communicate competently - speaking, listening, & writing
A1 because I am self contained I use all of the academic language and I must say it can be difficult, but try to make it fun
A1- In elementary, content specific vocab. & phrasing used w/question stems
yes and I would add "engaged"=
But also a teachable moment for digital literacy & code switching. Don’t want to privilege one land. https://t.co/BvmXIoBYaw
A1: https://t.co/SSKtLoqlCQ
A1: I get excited when Ss use punctuation, capitalization and things dont sound like a text message
I will definitely look it up after the chat!
I teach vocabulary through integrated ELD. Deeper Ss understanding during designated ELD.
Q2: Some students may say, “Well this is the way I write.” How do you explain the importance of academic language to students?
But also a teachable moment for digital literacy & code switching. Don’t want to privilege one land. https://t.co/4Siy5Tt1Vu
A1: I get excited when Ss use punctuation, capitalization and things dont sound like a text message
A2 acad lang boils down to Access, esp to codes of power. situation appropriateness is key. code switch depend on context.
I think that would be a tough job... it would be about making connections & finding parallels https://t.co/A0h7DmPizP
A1 because I am self contained I use all of the academic language and I must say it can be difficult, but try to make it fun
As a new teacher I feel like there is so much to learn. But I agree students need to learn the difference
I am working on an ELD unit right now for simple machines..so much great vocab and learning ideas!
Ooh!! I can't wait to see answers here. I often feel disconnected from Ss when I try to craft a response
A1) Maybe just formal or rich language vs slang and colloquialism.
A2: Emphasize authentic audiences. Our language changes with audience & message. Use model texts to show varying persp.
A2: I want my students to understand that the language they use sends a message about how well educated they are.
A2 emphasizing appropriate language based on Genre Audience Purpose is usually enough to convince students of importance
A2: Like teaching. Communication is about getting others to understand, not speaking to yourself.
teachable moment indeed. Ss engage in writing out of school in ways we can engage 2 make sense of in-class writing
A2: Ss need to be reminded that the way they speak isn't necessarily how they should write. They need to find their "other" voice.
I understand that while this place is sacred, an equally sacred place is within me. Read > SKY POND https://t.co/6H7qAS9jGP
in addition to model texts, real world contexts too
really is bc 6th grade subjects are challenging for students, but advantages I can teach a subj all day if need to
Yes ! Ss relate to "code switch"
yes and that honors Ss authentic self
A2: It allows people to have more meaningful discussions about science bec we all speak the same language.
A2 as growing writers we work to identify an audience, comm with an audience involves speaking their "language" & being in context
So true, but also students often need to rehearse language aloud before writing it. https://t.co/VlUUAz9aSG
A2: Ss need to be reminded that the way they speak isn't necessarily how they should write. They need to find their "other" voice.
A1: lots of academic language in sci. Expect my Ss to correctly use vocab in context. Spelling is less important
Knowing their audience is important.
A1: In math, equation, balanced, exponent, regroup, substitute and variable all count as academic language.
A2- Reading the question makes me think more of formal vs informal language usage, as opposed to academic. https://t.co/AHBrHzgQjA
Q2: Some students may say, “Well this is the way I write.” How do you explain the importance of academic language to students?
oh my goodness yes! I make sure they use proper vocab there/their/they're and other things etc.
Q2: We discuss audience a lot! Who will be reading this piece and what is its purpose? Is the writing appropriate?
A2 I try to relate it to Real World. "As mamma always said you can say anything you want. But how you say it means everything."
Awesome point. Acad. Lang is the common ground for people to start a conversation and collaboration.
A2: Reinforces previous vocabulary, builds more... need to come into contact w/ words many times b4 knowledge is cemented
A2 Disc that there is way to write for school and the workplace. Just Choose C helps them- Also we read 1st blog posts out loud.
modeling text, and evaluating perspectives are ways we use in the sci classroom with labs & writing great point!
Yes, many of my ss speak informally in writing, been difficult to teach them the correct tone...
A2: writing is often a first impression! Must make it meaningful and represent you intelligently
A2: Using academic language makes you more convincing. You will sound like you know what you're talking about.
A2: I play it straight: this is the way you write to make it in work world. Also separate way you talk to friends vs grandparents
A2 The current election cycle has also given MUCH for us to disc re: language & audience/statesmanship
Q3: How are you explicitly teaching the academic language of your discipline?
My first impression is usually pretty bad. Can I call it a draft.
absolutely, practice is essential, just like spoken language immersion, writing academic language builds proficiency
Providing models is important. Students need to be aware that communication takes many forms. Know your audience.
drafts are excellent! Important part of the writing process
Agree- great to model. We do this often 1st Sem and working on student independence.
A3: District focus on lang of justification. Reading texts, ID claims/evidence. Also using frames for speaking/writing.
A2 - by modeling the language. Since they're 8th graders, they're worried about hs. I talk to them about expectations at hs.
A3: I try to speak/write in a way I want students to. I am sure there is a better way..suggestions?
A3 I love the template approach of "They Say, I Say" by Graff et al, esp. for English learners
A3 I make Google Slideshows and define words with help of Cobuild it's a dictionary with students in mind..love the definitions
Sentence frames work well with young students and ELLs. Gives them a framework to join the conversation.
A3: Use it in meaningful ways. Model what it means and provide visuals and context.
A3: Word lists (rhetorical verbs), language frames, sample outlines, mentor texts.
A3) I try to model the best I can. And always demand complete sentence responses from Ss; in speech and written.
A3 Bringing in experts and preparing SS to interact w them allows us to teach content specific language
A3: In science we're focusing on skills rather than content. The academic language becomes embedded within the skills
A3 Also model, model, model and practice, practice, practice
A3: Think, write, speak. Guide through the research and write process. Speak at the level you would like to hear.
Yes! helps All students-I know as an adult I appreciate that!
A3: Provide multiple examples in context. Write key academic vocab list. Sometimes use Frayer model. Constant review
I like that, “Speak at the level you’d like to hear.”
Sentence & questions frames work for everyone. Especially my AP students. Reduces affective filter. https://t.co/M2SHQxyI5h
Sentence frames work well with young students and ELLs. Gives them a framework to join the conversation.
Brenda Montaine SVUSD tchr A2:I use 5 pt rubric for six trait writing. 5 best. Ss writing may be 3. Academic purpose go for 5.
A3 definitions for students, pictures sometimes sentences with word used correctly lots of discussion with them in the driverseat!
A3: I use scientific lang in my demos; I expect them to ask Qs and resp using that language. Sentence frames work really well
A3: Modeling, proper use in context, Collaborative convos, PBL involves real world models and experts so that helps too.
A3 in biology, new vocab is a constant, the expectation as we comm & explore is to use the lang w/ vocab imagery, labs, projects
fluency exercises help here. Ss often surprise themselves with how much they produce.
A3 better in some things than others... When teaching expository stuff, I'm better; in lit, I lose my focus sometimes
Yes-all help students "see" it
A3: Many of Kate Kinsella's strategies, a lot of academic conversations, many models, & expectation that it is used in Lit Tasks
Me too. I think i goof around too much sometimes.
A3: start by requiring complete sentences in spoken answers. Try it, it is hard at times.
although modeling is useful!
Sent frames WORK so well in science class as well!
A3 We use sentence stems and practice diff tasks & lang. Take diff aspects of Tool Kit to work on in a lesson.
yes to PBL as vehicle for real-world context to language
. I think awareness of audience is key in making "academic voice" vs. "personal voice" decision
I use the "They Say, I Say" book.
Nah, goofing around is good too. Even in academic settings. Keeps things from getting too heavy.
exactly! scaffolding w/ lots of practice & build to the big synthesis, reflecting too! builds confidence
yes exactly! Demos, simulations, and labs are all great talking points
I definitely use Kinsella’s work on academic language frames. Great organizers for specific purposes https://t.co/xUCbJ3J1bI
A3: Many of Kate Kinsella's strategies, a lot of academic conversations, many models, & expectation that it is used in Lit Tasks
Love They Say I Say. Lots of great help there. The HS edition is wonderful. https://t.co/WRYbaeutCz
I use the "They Say, I Say" book.
I KNOW! and I love the new activity builder in !
I definitely use Kinsella’s work on academic language functions. Great organizers for specific purposes https://t.co/xUCbJ3J1bI
A3: Many of Kate Kinsella's strategies, a lot of academic conversations, many models, & expectation that it is used in Lit Tasks
Yes! If we are intentional w/ our lessons & iterations Ss build confidence quickly https://t.co/Ff8ZAF0qfu
fluency exercises help here. Ss often surprise themselves with how much they produce.
Jeremiah, math geek, Porterville, Ca
yes! it's an important lesson to learn. persuading an audience involves getting their attention
I've never tried it! We have district access to Gizmos.
I agree They Say, I Say is a helpful resource
Holding Ss accountable for proper language makes a difference! Some Ss don't have language models.
https://t.co/JwJOP2CQDJ
A3) I try to model the best I can. And always demand complete sentence responses from Ss; in speech and written.
May I ask if the Qs are posted anywhere (:
Q4: Sentence frames work well for ELLs. What can be the next steps to improve their use of academic language in writing?
A4: Get them Talking in Class.
A4: We can’t skip speaking. Too often we go from reading to writing w/o giving Ss, esp. ELs, to practice oral lang. development.
A4: love having ELs talk and/or record themselves speaking first before they write
Thank you sorry for interruption (;
Very cool. Sort of like book: Eats Chutes and Leaves
A4: Give students a chance to analyze mentor texts for themselves.
Good point. Talking before writing. Like thinking out-loud with a friend.
We must develop their academic oral language before they are able to move into writing.
Need to leave early. Be back next week DM me the link PLEASE!? =)
A4: Partner Dialogues, YouTube newscasts!
A4 Argument or Paragraph templates from "They Say, I Say" are a great next step for ELs
Q4 building a celebrated culture of peer critique can help take Ss to next level
A4 talking and sharing is huge! Also using tools such as thinking maps to organize/categorize & make connections/tie to imagery-
A4: I like to give the students time to discuss in small groups before putting pen to paper, or fingers to keyboard.
A3:Sharing great fiction & nonfiction. Living sentences. Read Alouds. Transition words. High level sentence frames.
I'm working on this for my college Ss - reading primary research papers. Especially for tone.
Listening and speaking are just as important as reading and writing when teaching ELLs.
A7: have consensus on words used across disciplines, practice, look for words in walkthroughs and pre/post assess using Illuminate
A3 post a few practice words or phrases for the day/week that we're ALL going to try on. gives Ss freedom to practice
what are living sentences?!
A4: I love having Ss TWPSrWS, multiple opps for academic+kid lang w/sent frames
Agree- we just did Say, Mean Matter this week looking at totalitarianism https://t.co/hVrJJZyUQx
A4 talking and sharing is huge! Also using tools such as thinking maps to organize/categorize & make connections/tie to imagery-
A4 we use multiple practice videos via and other apps to practice oral fluency with academic language
a friend constantly has students leave their devices & sit in small groups to discuss/share/learn form each other
we tend to use google screencastify with things like slides, my maps, etc.
Totally agree. Modeling & allowing deep, safe conversations to take place important https://t.co/g9qZ7LjN2D
A4: We can’t skip speaking. Too often we go from reading to writing w/o giving Ss, esp. ELs, to practice oral lang. development.
A4: I also like to use templates. Students know what is expected of them Advanced students are able to go without it if they want
Q5: Besides sentence frames how else do you model academic language for students?
not a math person. Did anybody else wonder how Chris Rock sold $5 boxes of Cookies and raised $65,243 @ oscars.
A4 in our hybrid courses we use student voice in instructional videos to model academic language
A5: Think aloud, Frayer models w/lots of peer sharing, I'll have Ss try to describe things, using only certain words, etc
Yes, the more they can discuss it, the more they'll be able to write detailed Claim, evidence and support sentences
A5: In history, we analyze rhetorical structure in primary/secondary sources. Focus on close reading skills.
A5: always good to provide opportunities for T and peer feedback, showing examples too
I find close reading is a great way for Ss to attack complex problems in math too
Can you explain rhetorical structure in 140 characters?
A5. Re-state Ss answer and offer acad lang, showing how it expands/augments answer
A5 in our hybrid courses we use instructional videos w teacher and student voice, even students from other districts as AL models
A5 more for listening /speaking than writing, but I love short TEDtalks as academic language models
Movenote & Screencasting a great opportunity to give every Ss a voice! https://t.co/6KpNZG3nZi
A4 we use multiple practice videos via and other apps to practice oral fluency with academic language
A5: I bring in other teachers in same subject matter for presentations. Present to an outside audience.
Word Walls, Frayer Models, Peer-to-Peer Feedback
We start each unit we key vocab (9-12) and spend a whole class with Frayer discussing and frontloading our "foundation"
Hist. Thinking Skills: Audience, Purpose, POV. Move beyond “what” is the argument & focus on “how” https://t.co/9ljuln9WmJ
Can you explain rhetorical structure in 140 characters?
A4: Graphic organizers help Ss stay focused on important items their writing should contain. Make a word bank of specific vocab.
Ditto! I use them for vocabulary, characterization, lots of stuff RT : I love the Frayer model!
I've found so many ELA and ELD structures fit perfectly w/all content, esp math
such a cool idea! Tell me more about how you use TED talks, and what grade?
Pair Ss with the goal of having them each practice talking & listening. They mimic me. For ex. Ask what does devour mean?
My new learning is the Language Objective is the "HOW" that Ss will do in content That is a new and exciting thing for me
+1 for Frayer & tying language to visuals, also consistent peer-sharing (2-way) & writing revision leads to confidence
A3b: Graff & Birkenstein (2014).They Say/ I Say: Moves That Matter in Academic Writing. A great book on how to frame arguments.
awesome resource! Thanks for the share!
this is a Gr8 way 2 validate Ss voice & provide an authentic audience! Kids don't get 2 present 2 adults enough!
Agree! Re-statement of students responses using correct grammar expands fluency and comfort, especially for ELLs
OH my yes. I had 4 (1 for each wall) laminated poster sized Frayer models. So many games like structures..
Absolutely, Frayer utilizes the way we started learning language - visuals & examples
Yes ! For each I ask to identify 1) message 2) rhetorical strategies 3) opinion of both - often we take Sketchnotes
we use for informal practice videos then use to embed final product in G-slides A5
Q6: In what ways is academic language about equity in the classroom?
I love variations too, so Ss don't get bored. And when they start drawing them, you know they get it
Sounds very similar to the document analysis structure we do in class. APPARTS
A5: Ever notice that after hanging out with a group of people, you develop a common language. talk to each other in class.
A6: It provides opportunity for everyone to sound "smart", more than that, it is the lang of content it levels all when all have
A6) equity is about empathy-how are we listening and honoring Ss when we talk about academic language?
For science, can a modification include word roots, prefixes, etc? Sometimes key to decoding
Great minds think alike! Doing this tomorrow in groups for Jane Eyre!
we have every student make videos. Pick a few to present in front of the class. All present thru semester.
A6: To the extent that academic language represents cultural capital it becomes crucial for equity
humor is an essential ingredient! laughing at my art, mild insanity, etc is part of the course :)
A6) ensuring that non-academic language isn't seen as a deficit
A6: Good teaching is good teaching. Thats equitable. Science T here. Its foreign to everybody.
So important, plus it models so many positive things for Ss
Love it, what all might you be tackling?
A6 language provides access to relationships, knowledge transfer, power and influence. Our students deserve all possible options
A6 as a foundation for learning the next thing, it is essential for equity
Excellent point! roots, prefixes, & suffixes are huge & key to tackling new ideas
A6) The Ss without it will always be at a disadvantage; and the achievement gap persists.
OMG that has to be the best graphic I've seen to illustrate the point...LOVE it
A6: Language is gateway to concept mastery. Without fluency, one is typically relegated to lower economic levels.
Absolutely I can't NOT be goofy :)
A6 Provides for Ss to be successful in class and for the workforce- put their best foot forward. Impressions matter.
A6: Academic Language in speaking & writing promotes equity by allowing all Ss be heard and not just seen.
A6: https://t.co/4IiyEZivzB
"Children become smart by being treated as if they are already intelligent." Learning and Leading w/Habits of Mind. Kosta and Kallick 2008
Kinda funny how the ones that embrace it, own it, and flaunt it become amazing Ts
Got some smart cookies over there, so by them, and now you sharing, we're all getting better together
Yes Wes! academic language opens up Ss access to a whole new audience with new possibilities
How can you gain disciplinary literacy without the language?
fluency as defined by whom?
A6: Ss may not make proficient or higher on standardized tests w/out academic lang. Needed to close access gap. An equity issue.
Q7: What strategies can we implement that will increase the frequency of academic language use in class?
A6: equity is always sought: common lang & expectations w/ differentiation get closer and take the teacher out as a variable
A6) Academic language is a key to the door.
People paid random amounts. and I never saw anyone get change back. Some paid but didn't take cookies. https://t.co/DKnBeW9yvT
not a math person. Did anybody else wonder how Chris Rock sold $5 boxes of Cookies and raised $65,243 @ oscars.
A7: Get rid of rows, be ok with a little noise, practice directing and guiding conversations.
A6 Acad Lang closes gaps in access. Equity=Schools serve important role in helping Ss achieve no matter their bkgrds
I was in complete agreement.
A7 Provide "authentic" opportunities for Ss to persuade, narrate, explain to authentic audiences
Sounds like a great recipe (:
A7 May sound obvious, but Discussion! As Ts we can't be talking all the time. Small groups, partners, etc https://t.co/8vOWSp1xuc
Q7: What strategies can we implement that will increase the frequency of academic language use in class?
LOL, the 7yo just said the same thing about a book on matter she's reading
A7: Ss in groups developing definitions then comparing with actual definitions (group collaboration)
A7 I've learned from colleagues that having Ss talk to each other and to Ts is an important first step.
A7: Ss need to be given many various opportunities to use their language. I concur Ts need to talk less!
A7: Change the response from wrong or not quite to... Explain that.
jumping in late into the convo
Great ways to encourage Ss participation, so powerful when it happens
that was my initial thought...and how specifically to increase AL, not just student talk?
A7 Create safe environ so Ss willing to take risk- respect & support in class is key before the strategies in my opinion.
In science it happens organically during well selected labs and activities
LOL Sassy and spicy will be my new superpower.
If we want to value thought process, then we have to ask for it.
Q8: What are your favorite resources for teaching academic writing?
A7: Lots of different types of discussion: Socratic Seminar, writing grps, book talks, debate...
I like sent frames, usually have them write something specific first, share only that piece, very quick
Absolutely, and not try to impose our thoughts on their learning too
Model but let our Ss do and struggle w/academic language. Less teacher talk.More student talk.
Oh great now I'm putting my electronics in danger from my drool
And usually after that... "Now write it in your own words"
A8: I use some of edutopia's ideas for checking for understanding & implement it with academic vocab
A8 They Say, I Say is a good one for understanding the "big conversation" of academic discourse
A8: The new ELD framework is quite powerful, and I steal ideas from amazing ELA teachers like
Q8 an oldie but goodie "writing from experience" by Rob Riordan
They Say, I Say was mentioned so much tonight I had to get me a copy on Amazon.
Sounds like I need to check this out...
Are those both necessary? Similar? Different? How might you use them for good?
A8: Write Prepare for Discussion papers (1 page), do a group pass and read, have a table discussion, then a class discussion.
yes, and providing coaching & opportunities to revise "how can you rephrase that to include the term 'x'
A8 go-to resource is "They Say, I Say" by Graff et al
Q8 has a strong model for writing
Absolutely, great additional piece. I often paraphrase Ss thoughts, and find Ss will do that now too
A8: BlendSpace, Padlet, Lino are great tools!
You should share those experiences (:
Padlet is amazing! Ss's love it and it also works great as a lesson viewer for Ss's
My learning is centered on Lang Obj as specific piece I'm looking to embed.
A8: All of the UCI writing project templates! Summaries, cause and effect...etc.
A8: I find a lot of inspiration on good teaching methods at https://t.co/cx6cfxaKKT Well organized, linked to standards
Many thanks to the guys of - , , , , ,
Many thanks to the women of - , ,
A8: SIOP background building strategies are great too
Love that we were using Newsela a couple of weeks ago and my Ss found a couple of errors- they are paying much more attention!
:) it's been useful both for HS and my comm coll classes. the "big ideas" are useful & it has practical exercises
A HUGE heartfelt thank you to all of you for stopping by tonight!
And many thanks to again for being a co-mod for tonight's What an honor!
Preach! I'm a Fellow. RT : A8: All of the UCI writing project templates! Summaries, cause and effect...etc.
ooh, i take it these are online, yes?
Yes! RT : Many thanks to the guys of - , , , , ,
Always a great night to learn.
Yes! RT : Many thanks to the women of - , ,
