#mtedchat Archive

#MTedchat strengthens Montana's network of innovative and connected educators.

Tuesday February 20, 2018
10:00 PM EST

  • MEMSPAchat Feb 20 @ 10:00 PM EST
    Come join #MEMSPAchat - a leading ed chat on Thursday at 8pm EST @cristama #MTedchat Join the leading, learning & collaboration!
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:00 PM EST
    Join in! "Measuring What Matters Most" #MTedchat tonight at 8:00 PM MT @teach1quilt2 @TriciaOwens2 @grizjen @mrgarymyers
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:00 PM EST
    Hi #MTedchat! Topic: “Measuring What Matters" Please Introduce yourself: name/role/position
  • edubabbIe Feb 20 @ 10:00 PM EST
    The U.S. population at the heart and soul of the phenomenon under investigation or in district policies. #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:01 PM EST
    Courtney here. K T WA! #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:01 PM EST
    Hello friends! Amanda, 4th grade teacher in Belgrade here. I’ve got to give a shout out to my awesome coworker @KathyBrink5 for jumping into her first Twitter chat tonight! 👏🏻 #MTedchat
  • MrsKimStout Feb 20 @ 10:01 PM EST
    Hi #MTedchat! Kim Stout, 4th Grade, Helena. I'll be coming and going tonight while I sit here at wrestling practice.
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:02 PM EST
    Hi Amanda!! Welcome!! #mtedchat
    In reply to @AmandaRapstad, @KathyBrink5
  • Shelley_Emslie Feb 20 @ 10:02 PM EST
    Hello! Shelley - 5th Grade Teacher - Bigfork (Swan River School) #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:02 PM EST
    Hi Courtney!! Glad to see you!! #mtedchat
    In reply to @St006C
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:03 PM EST
    Check out the hub of all things #MTedchat here: https://t.co/MK3McLUKw8
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:03 PM EST
    Your moderator and questions tonight will be coming from @cristama #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:03 PM EST
    .@TraciPiltz Come out wherever you are! #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:04 PM EST
    Hi Shelley!! Welcome!! #mtedchat
    In reply to @Shelley_Emslie
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:04 PM EST
    Yay!! Glad to see you, Kim!! #mtedchat
    In reply to @MrsKimStout
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:04 PM EST
    Hi #MTedchat - Brian Redmond, band director, Rock Springs High School, Rock Springs, WY
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
    Chat will be a typical Q1, A1 format. Include #MTedchat on every post.
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
    Today’s chat is developed from this month’s @ELmagazine: “Measuring What Matters”, with the first questions coming from @jaymctighe’s article https://t.co/Z9Dg1kiSYb #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
    Hi Brian!! Good to 'see' you!! #mtedchat
    In reply to @bnredmond
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
    Q1: What really matters in a contemporary education? (consider these types of goals: knowledge “facts”, basic skills, understanding ‘big ideas’ and transfer “application”? #MTedchat
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:06 PM EST
    :) Hoping the kiddos stay in bed long enough for me to participate! #MTEdChat
    In reply to @cristama
  • mrbgilson Feb 20 @ 10:07 PM EST
    A1: I think in the world we live in and the constant change it is going through I would say application but also a flexible mindset. Ss need to be taught that changes happen and in learning we need to look at all options #MTedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
      Q1: What really matters in a contemporary education? (consider these types of goals: knowledge “facts”, basic skills, understanding ‘big ideas’ and transfer “application”? #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:07 PM EST
    #mtedchat
    • KathyBrink5 Feb 20 @ 10:06 PM EST
      Hi! Amanda and all! This is KathyBrink5 and I teach 4th grade. I am excited to be following all of you!#mtedchats
  • Dale_Chu Feb 20 @ 10:08 PM EST
    HAPPENING NOW: @cristama leading a chat on measuring what matters. Follow along at #mtedchat! @ELmagazine @jaymctighe
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:08 PM EST
    A1) how to critically think, analyze and search for facts. #MTedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
      Q1: What really matters in a contemporary education? (consider these types of goals: knowledge “facts”, basic skills, understanding ‘big ideas’ and transfer “application”? #MTedchat
  • Shelley_Emslie Feb 20 @ 10:09 PM EST
    A1 I feel teaching the whole child, manners, being a problem finder, growing their curiosity, and teaching kids it's ok to fail, so long as you learn from it and improve. #MTedchat
  • mrbgilson Feb 20 @ 10:10 PM EST
    Absolutely with the growing trend of ratings grabbing news over actual news. Ss need to be able to tell the difference. #MTedchat
    • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:08 PM EST
      A1) how to critically think, analyze and search for facts. #MTedchat
      • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
        Q1: What really matters in a contemporary education? (consider these types of goals: knowledge “facts”, basic skills, understanding ‘big ideas’ and transfer “application”? #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:11 PM EST
    #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
      Q1: What really matters in a contemporary education? (consider these types of goals: knowledge “facts”, basic skills, understanding ‘big ideas’ and transfer “application”? #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:11 PM EST
    A1: Depends on content area... Knowledge: Math facts, geography, general history (concept of timelines, esp.).. earth science basics, time/money... Big Ideas: Freedom, Citizenship, Modes of communication... Global perspective... Civil rights... #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:05 PM EST
      Q1: What really matters in a contemporary education? (consider these types of goals: knowledge “facts”, basic skills, understanding ‘big ideas’ and transfer “application”? #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:12 PM EST
    Yay! Yes, what HE said ;) #mtedchat (Join in!)
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:14 PM EST
    A1) In a contemporary education, developing the skills to continue to learn is the most important thing I can think of. When I was in HS, cell phones were barely a thing. Who knows what our students will encounter post-HS. #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:14 PM EST
    A1: Most important to me, is the transfer part... Taking learning and putting it into action... Argumentation, construction, critical analysis, etc. #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:15 PM EST
    Q2: How should we assess those things that matter? #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:15 PM EST
    A2) Do we even need to assess those things that matter? #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:15 PM EST
    A1 Fostering a love of learning so students will want to continually learn and grow, how to access and find relevant information to solve a problem or to learn something, how to problem solve and think logically, #mtedchat
  • MrsKimStout Feb 20 @ 10:16 PM EST
    A1: Communication and problem solving skills. #MTedchat
  • mrbgilson Feb 20 @ 10:16 PM EST
    A2: Variety of ways. I would say students choice in assessment would be the best choice. I am not sold that all things have to be assessed but I know that when they do it is best to let the kids determine the assessment. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:16 PM EST
    A2: We need to assess students in authentic ways. As adults, we don't work in a multiple choice world. Make assessments active..to show mastery at times, but also value the process through assessment. #mtedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:17 PM EST
    Yes. Can the skills Ss r learning be used outside of school and do Ss understand so they CAN transfer the knowledge. #MTedchat
    In reply to @cristama
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:18 PM EST
    A2 THIS 👏🏻 Authentic assessments...a lot of mine is through observation, talking to students, talking with parents #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:16 PM EST
      A2: We need to assess students in authentic ways. As adults, we don't work in a multiple choice world. Make assessments active..to show mastery at times, but also value the process through assessment. #mtedchat
  • Shelley_Emslie Feb 20 @ 10:18 PM EST
    Q2 Assess by having the kids assess their learning - digital portfolios - Screencastify their learning - make videos to show you they have grown, learned, or mastered something. I also agree, not everything needs to be assessed. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:18 PM EST
    I definitely think we do... but we don't have to define assess as a 'test'. How do we record and report growth. Conference w/Ss about goals. We do need to see progress and identify gaps. Must assess to do that. Extend definition #mtedchat All assessment should be used formatively
    In reply to @St006C
  • MrsKimStout Feb 20 @ 10:19 PM EST
    A2: Real world applications, hands-on assessments, there are many ways to show mastery of skills. I think it depends on the skills. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:20 PM EST
    YES!! When students can show learning through drawing, writing, verbally, through modeling, etc...you KNOW you have mastery. We need to limit assessments that measure 'guessing' or don't allow measurement along the continuum of learning. #mtedchat
    In reply to @AmandaRapstad
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:21 PM EST
    I got stuck in defining assessment as a test. Recording growth-now that is someting that is impt. We have WaKids which we can use to measure and record growth on for K. That makes sense. #MTedchat
    In reply to @cristama
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:21 PM EST
    Hey #MTedchat, hoping on late. Shelly here.
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:21 PM EST
    A2) My fav type of assessments are individualized. Must involve demonstration, synthesis, and personal effort. Cannot be copied. The trick is to use on most important tasks - biggest bang for buck. #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:22 PM EST
    Exactly... That's why I'm not a fan of canned programs, robotic whole brained learning methods, etc. It isn't authentic. #mtedchat Kids show they know how to tie shoes, by tying them... not labeling a diagram.
    In reply to @St006C
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:22 PM EST
    #MTedchat I'm not sure what the current question is but when do we look at what makes kids happy? Or what will make them happy?
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:22 PM EST
    I agree - many ways to demonstrate knowledge. The more open the assessment, the more powerful the demonstration IMO. #MTEdChat
    In reply to @MrsKimStout
  • MrsKimStout Feb 20 @ 10:23 PM EST
    Exactly! #MTedchat
    In reply to @bnredmond
  • KathyBrink5 Feb 20 @ 10:23 PM EST
    A2 I agree with your comments, Amanda. I think a student’s ability to apply and expand skills in various problem solving situations helps them grow as learners. #mtedchat
    In reply to @AmandaRapstad
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:24 PM EST
    Completely agree... Like high frequency words... Why give same spelling list or vocab words to whole group if some know most and others know none. Use Dolch or Fry's lists to ensure ALL kids build vocab/spelling at own rate... #mtedchat
    In reply to @bnredmond
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:25 PM EST
    Q3: How might our assessments enhance learning that matters, not just measure it? #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:25 PM EST
    Yes, especially considering how fast our world is growing and that our kids will have jobs that don’t even exist now. Problem solving will be huge! #MTedchat
    In reply to @KathyBrink5
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:26 PM EST
    Definitely... and students learn from others. Important for students to see each others process. That's why I LOVE Math Talk and Socratic Seminar. #mtedchat
    In reply to @KathyBrink5, @AmandaRapstad
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:27 PM EST
    THIS! #mtedchat
    • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:22 PM EST
      I agree - many ways to demonstrate knowledge. The more open the assessment, the more powerful the demonstration IMO. #MTEdChat
      In reply to @MrsKimStout
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:27 PM EST
    I have been playing around with more open teaching paths in my beg guitar classes. Some neat results as students get to chose how they demonstrate their learning. Some like lots of simple demos, others like one or two tough ones. #MTEdChat
    In reply to @cristama
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:28 PM EST
    A3) I think the shift towards conferring as assessment helps Ss know that we want to know about their thinking and not a score. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:29 PM EST
    A3: On-going assessment (informal & formal) drives decisions throughout teaching lesson or unit. I've stepped away from 'data-driven' & data-informed' and have started using the phrase 'data-infused'. Data can be isolated to the task or extended across as we integrate #mtedchat
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:30 PM EST
    A3) With luck, an assessment can drive students to make connections that they otherwise wouldn't make on a bubble-worksheet. Combine ideas, concepts. #mtedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:32 PM EST
    A3 maybe it will spark a question that students have or want to learn more about. I would hope it would be jumping point for future learning and not the end all #MTedchat
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:32 PM EST
    A3: Does a student grow, gain a skill, or learn? If yes, it matters. If a student is just regurgitating or meeting "demands" of a teacher than no. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:33 PM EST
    EXACTLY! It should be an on-going dialogue about learning. We are implementing Daily 5 and CAFE by @thedailycafe and know the level of meaningful conferencing is going to be transformational for both students and teachers at our school. #mtedchat
    In reply to @St006C, @thedailycafe
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:34 PM EST
    A3.2) And as @cristama it forms the next steps for the student and the teacher. A grade rarely informs the student with what to do next. #mtedchat
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:34 PM EST
    I had a principal ask me once, "could Google complete this assignment?" Made me stop and think about what I spend my time asking the students to spend their time on. #MTEdChat
    In reply to @StantonShelly
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:34 PM EST
    What a great example!! I love that! I bet you can alleviate a lot of anxiety for students who might feel either way behind or way ahead... #mtedchat
    In reply to @bnredmond
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:35 PM EST
    Q4a: On a scale of 1 (low) to 4 (high) rate your confidence with assessment literacy (using assessment for learning, interpreting data, and applying info from data to drive instruction)? #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:35 PM EST
    Q4b: What do you need/want/have to strengthen your skills integrating assessment into daily instruction? Resources, coaching, training, team buy-in? #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:35 PM EST
    EXACTLY! Unless a Ss knows what the grade means, as explicityly explained by the T, a grade is useless. #MTedchat
    • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:34 PM EST
      A3.2) And as @cristama it forms the next steps for the student and the teacher. A grade rarely informs the student with what to do next. #mtedchat
  • MrsKimStout Feb 20 @ 10:36 PM EST
    A3: Assessment can help Ss make connections between skills, we want them to know. Cross-curricular connections as well. #MTedchat
  • KathyBrink5 Feb 20 @ 10:36 PM EST
    A3 I agree. Students respond to authentic and meaningful assessments realizing the validity of their efforts. I love discussions with 4 th graders during/ after project work. They are so invested and honest about their successes and problem areas as well. #mtedchat
    In reply to @cristama
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:36 PM EST
    A4a: In the last 5 years I think I moved from a 2 to 4...but it took a ton of self reflection and hard truths about some of the "easy", "traditional", "lessons" I was teaching students. FAILed forward #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:36 PM EST
    A4) 3...I have the systems in place to do the conferencing w/ Ss for math, reading, writing but don't have it fine tuned to do all three every day. More to learn. #MTedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:35 PM EST
      Q4b: What do you need/want/have to strengthen your skills integrating assessment into daily instruction? Resources, coaching, training, team buy-in? #MTedchat
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:37 PM EST
    A4b: At the middle school level I think a huge thing needed is time with the kids. In 50 minute blocks there is so much to cover and then the kids are gone and 30 more are in the room. Made tougher with an A/B schedule. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:38 PM EST
    A4a: With a LOT of practice.. and research on how to use qualitative/quantitative and especially longitudinal data... I am now a proud data nerd. It is likely one of the biggest things that brought me into a principal position. Data tells stories. (3.75) #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:35 PM EST
      Q4a: On a scale of 1 (low) to 4 (high) rate your confidence with assessment literacy (using assessment for learning, interpreting data, and applying info from data to drive instruction)? #MTedchat
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:40 PM EST
    A4) I'm probably on the lower end of the spectrum... a 2 or 2.5. I can look at what each student is doing individually, but to adjust teaching schedule to meet individual student needs... not always so good about that. #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:41 PM EST
    That is SO frustrating... I know many face that issue. Those time restraints are difficult at all levels, and are against what we know about the brain and how we learn. #mtedchat Must teach kids to pace w/ind practice across days...but how to ensure happens equitably?
    In reply to @StantonShelly
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:41 PM EST
    A4 I’d say I’m at a 3ish right now. I’m in a new grade level this year so still figuring out what works and what doesn’t but I’ve put a lot of thought into my assessment practice this year #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:42 PM EST
    I know I learned a ton in the classroom, and even more as an instructional coach. Through trainings, I often blacked out names of a schools own students and we analysed for next steps. SUCH a powerful exercise. #MTedchat
    In reply to @StantonShelly
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:44 PM EST
    Those grade level changes can REALLY increase your skills in data analysis over time... It is important to gain that perspective in some way. Expands our view beyond 'our kids' and 'what they SHOULD know' #mtedchat
    In reply to @AmandaRapstad
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:45 PM EST
    That is ambitious... I know think I could have every day... definitely couple times a week. ALWAYS more to learn ;) #mtedchat
    In reply to @St006C
  • KathyBrink5 Feb 20 @ 10:45 PM EST
    I agree...measuring and celebrating growth in students is so valuable. #mtedchat
    In reply to @St006C, @cristama
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:45 PM EST
    Q5: Students are often passive in the assessment process. How can we foster students to be assessment capable (have ownership)? Why does it matter? #MTedchat
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:46 PM EST
    Successful so far... the biggest headache has been the gradebook, honestly. Trying to figure out how to fit the square peg into the round hole has been a bit trying at times, but I think I've got it going. #MTEdChat
    In reply to @cristama
  • StantonShelly Feb 20 @ 10:47 PM EST
    A5: Have them create the questions. For instance give them a list of YouTube videos based on the content they need & have them make Vizias for their peers. Heave them make the Google Form on the reading/ content #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:48 PM EST
    A5: This is based on an article by Douglas Fisher and Nancy Frey... if you don't get Ed Leadership, let me know and I will email it to you.... SO GOOD! #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:45 PM EST
      Q5: Students are often passive in the assessment process. How can we foster students to be assessment capable (have ownership)? Why does it matter? #MTedchat
  • bnredmond Feb 20 @ 10:49 PM EST
    A5) Biggest successes have come from allowing students to decide how to demonstrate their understanding. Multiple pathways to mastery - I decide what they have to demonstrate, they figure out how they want to show it. #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:50 PM EST
    A5: Examples from the article: Help students become aware of their current level of understanding in a learning area. Help students understand their learning path and coach confidence...Teach students to select tools and resources to guide their own learning #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:45 PM EST
      Q5: Students are often passive in the assessment process. How can we foster students to be assessment capable (have ownership)? Why does it matter? #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:51 PM EST
    A5 one thing I’ve been doing this year is asking Ss if they’re ready to assess and if they’re not I work with them. Makes them feel like they have a say in their learning and makes it easy to ask for help. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:52 PM EST
    A5: Teach students to seek feedback and recognize that errors are opportunities to learn. Support students in learning how to monitor their own progress and adjust course when needed. My favorite: Help them recognize what they're learning and can teach others. #mtedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:53 PM EST
    This is a beautiful thing! I also appreciate when we offer students the chance to make corrections on their work. Leaving an error an error lowers confidence and establishes misconceptions. #mtedchat
    • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:51 PM EST
      A5 one thing I’ve been doing this year is asking Ss if they’re ready to assess and if they’re not I work with them. Makes them feel like they have a say in their learning and makes it easy to ask for help. #MTedchat
  • KathyBrink5 Feb 20 @ 10:54 PM EST
    A5: Multiple strategies and pathways so crucial to engage all learners. #mtedchat
    In reply to @bnredmond
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:54 PM EST
    A5) I think it is all about student choice. I know on the Danielson framework having Ss take ownership of their assessment is distinguished. #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:54 PM EST
    Ugh..yes... That is my story with Standards Based Grading too... We will get there ;) #mtedchat
    In reply to @bnredmond
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:55 PM EST
    Q6: Many shy away from project-based learning/cooperative learning because it requires new practices to assess learning. How do/can you assess critical thinking and problem solving tasks? #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:56 PM EST
    A6) I am teaching my K Ss how to work in a partner and why it is beneficial. #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:56 PM EST
    Yup, I frequently say oh my gosh that’s such a great mistake. Do you mind if I share? I think we can all learn from it. They look at me like I’m crazy at first but it opens the doors to so many great learning conversations. #MTedchat
    In reply to @cristama
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:58 PM EST
    A6: I always like a well constructed rubric. When offered before process starts, Ss know what is expected and you can clarify confusion along the way. I've also used process timelines, where I star along the learning curriculum where the student hit specific objectives #mtedchat
    • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:55 PM EST
      Q6: Many shy away from project-based learning/cooperative learning because it requires new practices to assess learning. How do/can you assess critical thinking and problem solving tasks? #MTedchat
  • St006C Feb 20 @ 10:58 PM EST
    A6b) I think as educators we also need to understand how the Ss contribute to collaboration affects their learning. Then we can assess the learning #MTedchat
  • KathyBrink5 Feb 20 @ 10:58 PM EST
    A5 I agree with Brian and Amanda regarding the importance of involving students in the assessment process through questions and multiple pathways. #MTedchat
  • AmandaRapstad Feb 20 @ 10:59 PM EST
    A6 give students choice about how to demonstrate their learning, have them talk about successes and failure during the problem solving process #MTedchat
  • cristama - Moderator Feb 20 @ 10:59 PM EST
    A6: I learned the hard way not to grade a group as a group. Student learning, even in cooperative work, should be assessed individually. #mtedchat (IMO)